Israeli Citizenship

Who is an Israeli Citizen?

Israeli citizenship can be acquired or inherited, depending on several factors. Here are a few ways that one may acquire or inherit Israeli citizenship.

Children of an Israeli Citizen.

If at least one parent is Israeli at the time of the child’s birth, the child is automatically Israeli if one of the following is true:

1. The Israeli parent was born or naturalized in Israel
2. The child was born in Israel

In other words, if an Israeli citizen was born or made Aliyah in Israel, he transfers citizenship to his children no matter where they are born. However, Israeli children born outside Israel transfer citizenship only to offspring who are born in Israel.

Olim.

One who makes Aliyah becomes Israeli.

Children of an Oleh

Children of an Oleh born after the date of Aliyah are automatically Israeli at birth. When both parents make Aliyah, children who were born prior to the date of Aliyah become Israeli. Under some circumstances, however, they can revoke their citizenship between ages 16 to 18. When only one parent makes Aliyah, the parents may decide whether children born prior to the date of Aliyah become Israeli along with the Oleh parent or not.

If you are officially an Israeli citizen but not yet registered as one, or have an ID number but no Israeli documentation, see our guide on Foreign Residents with Israeli citizenship.

Passport Application

Israeli citizens are required to enter and exit Israel with an Israeli passport, even if they hold a passport from another country. Currently, all Israeli travel documents issued are biometric.

First-time passports and passport renewals are issued by advance appointment only. To schedule an appointment, visit www.govisit.gov.il.

Passport for a Minor (Under Age 18)

One parent and the child must be present at Misrad Hapnim to obtain a minor’s passport. If only one parent holds Israeli citizenship, that parent must be present.

If parents are not married, each must affirm and sign his/her consent at a branch of Misrad Hapnim or at an Israeli embassy/consulate abroad before the child can receive a passport.

To obtain a minor’s passport, you will need:

1. Teudat zehut of parent(s) with the child listed
2. Passport application form
3. Payment submitted online (credit card only) or in person (Israeli credit card only)
   • For first-time passport or renewal
     • Payment in person: 150 NIS
     • Advance payment online:
       November – February: 100 NIS  
       March – October: 135 NIS

• For lost, stolen or ruined passport replacement
  • Payment in person: 300 NIS
  • Advance payment online
    November – February: 250 NIS
    March – October: 285 NIS

In general, a passport photo of the applicant will be taken at the appointment.  For small babies, you may consider bringing a photo with you, in case the baby will not cooperate with the Misrad Hapnim staff.

Passports are sent by registered mail to the applicant within 7-8 weeks. Passports of minors are valid for five years only.

Passports for Adults

To obtain an adult passport, you must appear in person at Misrad Hapnim along with:

1. Teudat zehut
2. Previous passport, if applicable
3. Passport application form
4. Payment submitted online (credit card only) or in person (Israeli credit card only)

• For first-time passport or renewal
  • Payment in person: 280 NIS
  • Advance payment online
    November – February: 165 NIS  
    March – October: 260 NIS

• For lost, stolen or ruined passport replacement
  • Payment in person: 580 NIS
  • Advance payment online
    November – February: 465 NIS  
    March – October: 560 NIS

For further details on fees, visit  www.gov.il.

Passports are sent by registered mail to the applicant within 7-8 weeks. Adult passports are valid for 10 years.

Emergency Travel

Temporary/Emergency Passport Issued at Misrad Hapnim

One can apply for a temporary passport in one of 17 branches of Misrad Hapnim around the country, see here for a list.

Please note: One can only apply at the branch associated with your registered address.

One must come at least 48 hours before their flight, up to two weeks before.

An appointment is needed, made on govisit.gov.il. Payment must be made online in advance on go.gov.il/passpay.  

One must bring the following:

• Teudat zehut card (required),
• Expired passport (if you have one),
• Completed temporary passport application form,
• Two recent Israeli passport-size photos,
• Receipt of online payment 

You will be asked to apply for a regular biometric passport at this time.   

The temporary passport should be sent to you by registered mail within the week.

A temporary passport will be valid for one year, and can be applied for only once. To do so a second time will require special permission.

Temporary Passport Fees in Misrad Hapnim

Payment submitted online (credit card only) in advance

• For lost, stolen or ruined passport replacement
  • Advance payment online
    • November – February: 325 NIS  
    • March – October: 360 NIS

Temporary/Emergency Passport at Ben Gurion

The airport’s Misrad Hapnim branch will issue a temporary, non-biometric passport on the spot if there are less than 48 hours to your flight. This service is only provided under specific circumstances, as described on the www.gov.il website.

The Misrad Hapnim is located in Terminal 3 on the 2nd floor.  Present them with your teudat zehut, old passport (if applicable) and your flight ticket. In the case of a minor, the same rules for parental consent apply as in the case of a standard passport.

The passport issued will be valid for one year. When you exchange your temporary passport for a full-validity one, you will need to appear in Misrad Hapnim as usual and pay the regular fee (see below).

Misrad Hapnim Hours in Ben Gurion Airport

Sunday – Thursday: 24 hours
Friday and Erev Yom Tov: until 2:00 pm
Motzaei Shabbos: from 9:00 pm

Temporary Passport Fees in the Airport (note: these do not include exchange fees)

• Adult applicant (18 or older) for first time or renewal: 875 NIS
• Adult applicant (18 or older) when passport is lost, stolen, or ruined: 1,175 NIS
• Child applicant (up to age 18) for first time or renewal: 455 NIS
• Child applicant (up to age 18) when passport is lost, stolen or ruined: 605 NIS

Dual Citizens

Israeli citizens must present a valid Israeli passport whenever entering and exiting Israel. This applies to dual citizens, as well. However, if you possess  dual citizenship and you must travel in two weeks or less and your Israeli passport is expired, you can go to Misrad Hapnim to apply for a new passport and simultaneously obtain a one-time ishur, free of charge, which permits you to leave the country using your foreign passport. Contact Chaim V’Chessed for further details.

Ben Mehagrim: Foreign Residents and the Army

As a general rule, male and female Israeli citizens who reside outside Israel are permitted to enter Israel for one full year, and then 120 days out of any subsequent calendar year, without a draft requirement. They are referred to as bnei mehagrim. Those coming to Israel for the purpose of studying (limudim) can acquire ben mehagrim status for 12 months from the Israeli consulate or embassy in their country of residence. They can often extend their draft deferment to span a total of up to four years.

While the ben mehagrim deferment does apply to females as well, single women who attest to being shomrot Torah u’mitzvot can easily receive a draft exemption by making a legal declaration in front of a recognized dayan. It is advisable to put the matter to rest as early as possible.

Read our full guide on Ben Mehagrim.

Common Israeli Citizenship Terminology

Hebrew	Transliteration	English
דרכון	darkon	Passport
תעודת זהות	teudat zehut	Identity card
מספר זהות	mispar zehut	Identity number
ספח	sefach	Attachment to teudat zehut booklet that lists marital status, previous names, children’s names and address
עולה	oleh	Jewish immigrant to Israel
אזרח	ezrach	Citizen
תושב	toshav	Resident
קטין חוזר	katin chozer	An Israeli citizen who left Israel before age 14 with at least one parent, spent at least four uninterrupted years abroad, and returned to settle Israel after age 17
תושב חוזר	toshav chozer	Citizen resident of Israel who returns after being absent from the country for at least two years
בן מהגרים	ben mehagrim	Term used by the military for a katin chozer/ezrach oleh; those with this status may be eligible for a limited-time army deferment
אזרח עולה	ezrach oleh	Child born abroad to at least one Israeli parent who held transferable citizenship at the time of his/her birth